Introducing “Per Fess Versuram” (“By the Line of Turning”) in Vexillology

“Per Fess Versuram” describes a flag that has been horizontally divided along a central axis, with one half rotated 180 degrees before being reconnected, forming a unique and dynamic interpretation of traditional flag elements.

In vexillology, the study of flags and their design, the introduction of new terms helps better articulate the creativity and symbolism behind flag designs. One such innovative concept is Per Fess Versuram, which translates from Latin as “By the Line of Turning.”

Application of Per Fess Versuram on the United States Flag

An application of Per Fess Versuram has been envisioned using two standard 3×5 Outdoor American Flags. This was inspired by the Per Cross or quartered Flag of Maryland.

The Flag of the United States Per Fess Versuram design, thus, incorporates the following elements:

• The first flag is separated along the canton and its attached seven stripes (the top half of the flag).
• The second flag is separated from its canton and the first full-length white stripe.
• One half of this configuration is rotated 180 degrees before being reconnected to the other half.

The result is a flag that is not quartered, as is common in designs like the Flag of Maryland, but rather features two upper cantons on either side, connected along the line of turning. This unique construction adds extra stripes to the design, resulting in dimensions of approximately 40″ x 60″ due to the repositioning of the stripes.

Symbolism and Interpretations of Per Fess Versuram

The symbolic potential of Per Fess Versuram on the American flag opens up a range of interpretations:

1. Unity and Opposing Forces:
   • The rotation and reconnection of the two halves symbolize unity despite opposition, representing the coming together of different perspectives, ideas, or values. In the context of the United States flag, this could symbolize the balance between states’ rights and federalism, or the ongoing effort to unify a diverse population with differing viewpoints.
2. Cycles of Renewal:
   • The turning of one half of the flag suggests a cycle of renewal or rebirth. The rotation could represent the country’s ability to adapt and evolve, turning past challenges into new opportunities while still maintaining its core identity—represented by the enduring stars and stripes.
3. Reflection of History:
   • The flipped cantons could serve as a visual metaphor for reflecting on history while looking forward. It symbolizes the act of turning back to the founding principles of the nation, while recognizing the progress made and challenges yet to come.
4. Balance and Symmetry:
   • The design introduces an element of symmetry that can symbolize balance in governance, society, or ideology. The matching cantons on either side suggest that different regions or perspectives can hold equal value in shaping the future of the nation.
5. Turning Points in American History:
   • The rotation of one half of the flag could be interpreted as representing the turning points in American history, such as wars, social movements, or moments of political change, where the country has had to reassess and adjust its course, while staying united under the same flag.

A Dynamic Flag for New Interpretations

By using the concept of Per Fess Versuram, the traditional symbolism of the American flag takes on new dimensions. This design, with its rotated and rejoined halves, challenges viewers to reconsider the visual language of the flag and its many meanings. Whether representing balance, unity through opposition, or the cycles of renewal in American history, this unique version of the U.S. flag invites deeper reflection on what it means to be a part of a united yet diverse nation.

The resulting flag, at 40″ x 60″, with extra stripes and dual cantons, can serve as a powerful symbol for those who embrace both tradition and the evolution of American ideals.